Types of Biopolymers

Biopolymers are natural or synthetic polymers derived from renewable sources and classified into three main types: polysaccharides, proteins, and polyesters. Polysaccharides, such as starch, cellulose, and chitosan, are carbohydrate-based biopolymers widely used in packaging and biomedical applications due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. Protein-based biopolymers, including collagen, gelatin, silk, and casein, offer strength and flexibility, making them valuable in medical, food, and textile industries. Polyesters, like polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) and polylactic acid (PLA), are microbial or plant-derived biopolymers used in biodegradable plastics, medical implants, and packaging. Each type of biopolymer has unique properties that contribute to sustainable material development, offering alternatives to conventional synthetic plastics while minimizing environmental impact.

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