Polysaccharides

Bacteria produce polysaccharides that are either stored internally as an energy reserve or displayed on the cell surface. They may also be secreted to aid in biofilm formation. Certain bacterial species use polysaccharides to evade the host immune system by mimicking native antigens. These polysaccharides can exhibit diverse characteristics, including being charged or neutral, composed of homo- or heteropolymers, and having either branched or unbranched structures.