Biopolymers and Bioplastics

            Bioremediation and biotechnical waste management utilize biological processes to degrade, remove, or neutralize pollutants from the environment. Microorganisms, fungi, and plants play a crucial role in breaking down hazardous substances in soil, water, and air. Techniques like microbial degradation, phytoremediation, and bioaugmentation help clean up oil spills, heavy metals, and industrial waste. Biotechnical approaches also include waste-to-energy processes, composting, and biofiltration to manage organic and inorganic waste sustainably. These eco-friendly methods reduce environmental contamination, lower disposal costs, and promote a circular economy. Advancements in biotechnology continue to enhance efficiency, making bioremediation a vital tool for sustainable waste management.